Over the last few weeks I’ve come across two resources that I think do an outstanding job summarizing the current state of pain science. Simply, pain is something that everyone, especially athletes, will experience at some time throughout their lives. Understanding pain, therefore, becomes extremely important. Of particular interest is the idea that pain is an output of the brain, and can be a symptom of our interpretation of an injury or event as much as a sign of mechanical damage.

The video below features a talk from Lorimer Moseley, one of the prominent researchers in this area, and is as entertaining as it is informative. The article is a guest post from Matt Danziger at Dean Somerset’s website and does a good job explaining the concepts using slightly different language. Enjoy!

 

Read the article here >> A Primer on Pain by Matt Danziger

To your success,

Kevin Neeld
OptimizingMovement.com
UltimateHockeyTraining.com

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We’re getting hit with another storm, so we had to close Endeavor today. Unfortunately, it means I had to cancel a bunch of manual sessions with the Flyers Junior Team and none of our clients can come in. On the bright side, I was able to sit at home and watch the Olympics and now have a few extra minutes to write.

Endeavor

Where the magic happens.

If you’ve followed this site for a while, you likely know that the system I’ve set up at Endeavor primarily revolves around small group training. In this environment, every client undergoes a comprehensive assessment, which is used along with their goals, age, gender, sport, training history, and a host of other factors to design the individual’s training program. Our clients are then coached through their individualized programs in a small group setting. This system provides us maximum opportunity to tailor the programs to the individual needs of the client. Also of note, I’ve found that youth athletes training within this system are so far out of their element that we essentially have zero work ethic or behavior issues. Being placed in a new setting, with new coaches, new training partners and a new process really streamlines productive behaviors and minimizes distracting or deleterious ones.

Team settings can be a little different, especially if you’re on the team’s “turf”, be it training a hockey team at their rink or going to a field or court to work with a group there. Simply, the kids are more comfortable, more likely to feed off one another, and there are more personalities to account for. Over the last few months, I’ve spent a lot of time working with youth teams of all ages, and have noticed a few trends that underlie today’s post on 5 things I think every youth athlete should know.

1) There are a lot of things you can’t control throughout your athletic career. Your attitude and effort are never one of them. You not only have the ability, you have the responsibility to control these things. One of the things I told a few of the younger hockey teams I helped work with a couple weeks ago was that one of the first questions that every coach asks when inquiring about a player is “Is he/she a good kid?”. In other words, it’s not just your athletic ability that coaches are looking at, it’s how you conduct yourself as an individual and as a member on the team, within and away from the sport. The higher the level of play, the more talented athletes you’re competing against, and the more likely someone with comparable ability, but a better attitude takes your spot.

Maybe more importantly, why would you ever WANT to play with anything less than your most positive attitude and best effort? Do you want to be known as the athlete that coaches don’t like coaching and teammates don’t like playing with? Is there anything to be gained by slacking off?  I often ask athletes within a team setting, “Do you think what you’re doing is making your team better or worse? Is it helping you get better or worse?” Ask yourself this question frequently throughout your athletic careers. If the answer is better, keep doing what you’re doing. If it’s not, adopt better behaviors. It’s that simple.

2) Athletic development is a complicated topic. So much so, in fact, that most youth sport coaches and parents don’t understand it. I don’t expect youth athletes to either. One of the things I’m trying to do with the youth hockey program I work with is establish statistics about how many players stay within the program over the course of various time spans (e.g. 3-5+ years). The idea is to determine whether the organization, myself included, is truly developing the best players, or more cherry picking the best players from other teams and finding success that way. For example, if a significant proportion of the U-18 team was on the PeeWee Major team several years prior, that would be an indication that the club is doing a great job of developing players. There will be some degree of expected drop-out as some athletes will choose other sports, have dwindling interest, tryout for a team closer to home, or any number of other circumstances, but if we don’t have baseline statistics, we have nothing to compare against.

For the youth athlete, especially the “elite” youth athlete (I put “elite” in parentheses because I believe very strongly that there is no such thing as an elite youth athlete; in team sports, these terms are mutually exclusive), it’s important to recognize that the developmental time period is a crazy one, and you will see this all around you. Some kids grow way faster than others. Some pick up new movements/skills faster than others. Some appear to just flat out be better than others. None of these things, however, are predictive of FUTURE success. In other words, whether you’re the best or worse U-12 athlete has almost no indication of whether you’ll be the best or worst U-18 athlete in that sport. As athletes reach the tail end of puberty, the playing field is leveled a great deal and you’ll see a lot of the best younger athletes get surpassed by what people refer to as “late bloomers”, although they’re really just normal bloomers.

I heard the announcers during the US vs. Slovakia men’s hockey game today say that Ryan Kesler, an Assistant Captain in the NHL and now two-time Olympian, was cut from every team he tried out for growing up. I personally worked with a kid that played Tier-II U-18 hockey, went to a mediocre junior program, ended up going to a NCAA D1 school and just left after his sophomore year after signing a great contract with an NHL club. Regardless of how good you are now, you must always keep working to get better. There are countless athletes that want your spot.

3) “It’s okay to be tired. It’s not okay to look tired.” I’ve talked about this idea before (see: The Illusion of Invincibility), but controlling your body language can go a long way in how you’re interpreted by your coaches and by your opponents. Regardless of how tired you feel, carry yourself like you’re ready for more. Think of it this way: If you’re tired, it’s likely that your teammates and your opponents are also tired. If a coach looks at his team during a tryout, practice, or game, and sees everyone buckled over and you standing tall, who do you think will be interpreted as being in the best shape (This, of course, assumes you aren’t dogging it!)? Likewise, if the other team is tired and they look over at you, and you’re standing tall and staring back at them with a focused look, the mental advantage goes to you. This is a simple change, but it can make a huge difference.  Never look tired.

4) Yesterday, a girl on a HS lacrosse team that we train said, “You reek of positivity. I just wanted you to know that” with a smile on her face. While I think “reek” is an…interesting…word choice, she meant it in a very positive way. As a coach, I try to lead with the team’s best interest in mind, at all times. In other words, the mentality is “Team First”. Every athlete, and every team, will have good days and bad days, but the focus should always be on behaving in a manner that will lead the group toward improvement. I would encourage you to adopt this mentality.

This isn’t just about working hard, as mentioned above. It’s about changing the way you interpret everything that happens within the team setting. Did your teammate not pass to you when you were open? Will it be better for the team if you yell at them, or if you wait until you have a moment to approach them and calmly discuss the play? If a ref misses a call, is it better to complain about it or just get back into and/or focus on the next play? Another angle on this idea lies in getting noticed/scouted, as it’s easy for athletes to want to do too much in an attempt to stand out. Remember that there are places on every team for athletes that make their teammates better. This isn’t always flashy, but it is effective and needed in every sport.

5) Switching gears a bit, it’s important that youth athletes understand the importance of eating REAL food. Real food can be hunted or grown. It was real food 1,000 years ago. Typically, real food goes bad if you don’t freeze it or eat it within a week or so of buying it. Broadly, this includes things like meat, fish, eggs, vegetables, fruits, and nuts. I get a lot of questions about nutrition, and it’s really a very simple topic to me. The harder question is “why aren’t you eating what you know you should be?”

I think parents are stuck in a tough place trying to balance what they want to eat personally, what they think their kids should be eating, and what they think their kids want to eat. I’m not oblivious to the fact that the home can become a hostile environment if the parents are trying to shove vegetables down their kids throats every night against their will. At the same time, it’s very funny to me when I hear youth athletes say things like “I don’t like vegetables”…or even more insane “I don’t like water.” As if these things are optional! Your body is quite literally made of the nutrients you provide it. The food you take in provides the building blocks for every structure and process within your body.

While I think creative cooking can make almost any food taste good, I would encourage youth athletes to start asking “Is this good for me?” in place of “Do I like this?” These don’t have to be mutually exclusive, but there will be times in your life where you have to do things that you don’t “like” because it’s better for you and the right thing to do. Make this easier on your parents by asking them to start buying more broccoli, spinach, carrots, peppers, and other vegetables. Eat them everyday. Eat the entire supply and ask your parents to buy more. If your parents aren’t good cooks, spend 5 minutes of the 5 hours you spend on your phone everyday searching things like “how to cook broccoli so it doesn’t taste awful” and see what comes up. There are reasons to believe that eating more vegetables can make you stronger, less injury prone, and give you more energy. Start eating them, and try to organize the majority of the rest of your food choices around real food.

The exciting part about all 5 of these points is that they are COMPLETELY within your control. You have the full power to influence your attitude, work ethic, and eating habits. Each of these will have a profound impact on your future and will help make you a healthier, more successful athlete, but you need to make the choice to do them. You cannot buy, “Google” or download athletic success. It must be accomplished the old fashioned way, with consistent, focused hard work, by doing the things others are unwilling to do.

To your success,

Kevin Neeld
OptimizingMovement.com
UltimateHockeyTraining.com

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The other day I got a question on Twitter from someone asking about stretching routines because they can’t fall asleep at night after games. I’ve written quite a bit about stretching and stretching routines in the past, so I’d refer you to the below articles if you’re interested in reading on the topic and/or just stealing some good stretches:

  1. Stretching For Hockey
  2. Hip Active Isolated Stretching for Hockey Players
  3. Dispelling the Stretching Myths
  4. Three Hockey Stretches to Keep Your Hips Loose

Some of the above articles address the concept of stretching in general, while others present specific stretches. you can also use many of the exercises/positions in this video as stretches:

I don’t believe, however, that stretching in itself is the answer to this gentleman’s question. In fact, while I think there is definitely some benefit to the rhythmic fluid movement associated with a full body stretching routine, I think the primary benefit of stretching within the context of “dimming the lights” after a game is simply the relaxation effect of going through a basic routine and breathing calmly for 5-10 minutes. With that in mind, I think it’s worth addressing WHY someone may have trouble falling asleep instead of just posting a stretch routine.

Sympathetic Stimulation

In the minutes leading up to and during a game, there should be an up-regulation of your sympathetic nervous system (SNS). The SNS is your “fight or flight” system that is responsible for mobilizing resources (e.g. hormones, blood, etc. ) and altering other systems (e.g. breathing rate) to give the body the energy and focus it needs to be successful in fight or flight situations. This system is incredibly important for high performance and should be up-regulated during most training sessions, practices, and games.

One of the major problems our modern day society faces is an over-utilization of this system and a failure to shift out of a sympathetic-dominant state. There are many things that can trigger an up-regulated sympathetic state (poor dietary choices, environmental toxins, loud sounds, bright lights, etc.), but one of the major ones is psychological stress from school, work, and/or relationships. Think of your “SNS Resources” as a 5-gallon jug of water. Because you have a limited capacity, you want to save it for when you REALLY need it; for training, practices, and games. Utilizing, say, 4 gallons during these scenarios will allow you to perform the best, and recover optimally. If, however, you don’t sleep well at night, are worried about mid-terms, forgot to pack a lunch so you opt for chicken nuggets and tater tots, and are coming off a game where your coach yelled at you so you are stressed about making a better impression at practice later in the day, you’re basically starting off with a jug only 4-gallons full (because of poor sleep), and slow leaking that supply throughout the day so that when practice time comes around, you’re left with only 1.5 gallons left. This will not only impair your performance that night, but it will have a residual effect on your performance and recovery over the next few days, and if not addressed, weeks and months.

Here’s the kicker, even if you nail all of those things, many players have a very difficult time coming down from their “game high” for two major reasons:

  1. They used some sort of caffeinated energy drink or supplement before the game
  2. They have no strategy to shut their mind off afterward

If you’re in the first group, it’s important to recognize that you’re fighting physiology. I read several years ago that the half-life of a unit of caffeine, on average, is around 4 hours, meaning it will have around an 8-hour influence on your body. There is quite a bit of variation in an individual’s response to caffeine based on specific genetic and enzymatic profiles, but if you’re taking caffeine later in the day and having trouble falling asleep, that may be a sign that you need a new strategy.

In regard to the second group, shifting OUT of a sympathetic state into a more parasympathetic (the “rest and digest” system) is more easily accomplished if you have a better developed aerobic system. While diving into various methods to improve this goes well-beyond the scope of this article, if you’re playing adult-league hockey and aren’t doing much on top of that, doing some Tempo Runs or Bike Rides for 12-20 rounds of 15s on at 80% maximum effort and 45s of walking/light pedaling would be an appropriate starting place. On a more short-term basis, using specific breathing strategies can be an extremely effective method to drive this transition. There are a lot of variations of how you can implement this concept, but to get you started:

  1. Like on your back with your feet on the wall or resting on a chair so that your hips and knees are bent 90-degrees.
  2. Breathe in through your nose fully, but calmly for 3-5s.
  3. Exhale through your mouth fully, but calmly for 5-8s.
  4. Pause for a few seconds, and repeat for 2 minutes.
  5. If you are aware of tension anywhere in your body, think of letting it go.
  6. If a thought pops into your head, acknowledge it and then let it go. The goal is to focus only on your breathing.

Following this sequence can be a very powerful tool to shift the body into a more parasympathetic state, and to stop the mind from racing. If you’re having trouble falling asleep after practices or games and you aren’t crushing caffeine before hand, start here. Modified versions of this (you don’t always need to lay down, or do this for several minutes) can be a great tool to help ease nerves or shift into a more rested state throughout the day. A few calm, slow, purposeful breaths while shutting down outside thoughts can do wonders to help keep those that are going through stressful times a little more even keeled and can even be an effective strategy after a hard shift or play to decrease heart rate and breathing rate closer to baseline levels, essentially serving to conserve resources.

It’s also worth looking into magnesium supplements. The majority of the population (at least in our country) has some degree of magnesium deficiency anyway, but more relevant to this discussion, magnesium is known to have a calming effect on the nervous system. Over the last year, I’ve introduced Poliquin’s Zen Mag Px Liquid to our staff and many of our clients and it’s gotten rave reviews. We joke that it’s like a bear tranquilizer because it’s so effective at helping us sleep. The breathing sequence above is good to include for a variety of reasons anyway, but if it isn’t doing the trick to help you fall asleep, it may be worth grabbing some of this magnesium!

Zen Mag Px Liquid
Best. Supplement. Ever.
To your success,

Kevin Neeld
OptimizingMovement.com
UltimateHockeyTraining.com

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This week is off to a fun start. While I think most people can agree Sunday was one of the worst Super Bowls in the history of the competition (especially disappointing because I’m a huge Peyton Manning fan), I was fortunate to have the day off and be in town so the Endeavor crew, our significant others, and a few other friends met a friend’s and ate more corn chips than would ever be considered socially acceptable. Terrible game; great day.

Yesterday we got hit with an inconvenient amount of snow, so we were slow at Endeavor, which provided a perfect opportunity to break up the monotony of structured training and have a little fun. Matt Sees and I spent about 3 minutes coming up with bastardized version of “Can Jam” using the resources available in our facility and came up with:

Endeavor Sports Performance

The two boxes are 20-yards apart with a 12″ and 18″ hurdle stacked on top. Each contestant must keep their front foot behind the front of their own box, and gets 3 throws with a dynadisc, with scoring as follows:

  1. 1 Point: Hit the box with no bounce
  2. 2 Points: Direct hit to a hurdle that results in the hurdle falling off the box
  3. 5 Points: Through the tall hurdle without it falling off the box (if it falls off, it’s 2 points)
  4. 10 Points: Directly through the small hurdle without it falling off the box (if it AND the tall hurdle fall off, it’s 2 points).
  5. -10 Points: A throw that results in something in the facility breaking (we had a couple close calls)

Sees and I played for about an hour, him taking the 3-game series 2-1. It was a lot more tiring than we thought it would be, especially since we accidentally put the boxes 20-yards apart instead of the intended 15, but it was a nice way to break up the day and get some blood flowing.

This is an exciting time of year. With football officially behind us, we have Olympic hockey only a few days out and then the homestretch of the NHL season and start of the playoffs. On a more grassroots level, the youth and junior teams I write programs for and/or train are wrapping up their seasons over the next 4-6 weeks. I just checked the Tier I Elite League stats for the U-18 level and 4 of the top 10 scorers are kids I’ve trained, and our Junior team has won 11 of their last 12 games and just clinched home ice advantage for the first round of the playoffs.

The final stretch of a season is an important time. Unfortunately, it’s also a time when people do the exact opposite of what they’re supposed to do. In order to illustrate this, I think it’s worth taking a step back and looking at what the point of a hockey season is, especially in development leagues. Simply, the goal is for the players and team to develop, in technical and tactical terms. If the players don’t get better, the season was a waste of time, regardless of what the team’s final record was. With this in mind, in-season training is meant to support on-ice skill development by improving physical capacities off the ice that will not significantly interfere with the quality of on-ice practice and/or the player’s ability to demonstrate their abilities in games.

This is a huge concept and one that, as simple as it sounds, is still largely misunderstood by youth parents and coaches alike. I’ve discussed more specific points about in-season training in the past, and would encourage you to read or re-read these if you haven’t already:

  1. Developing A Youth In-Season Hockey Training Model
  2. In-Season Hockey Training
  3. 5 In-Season Hockey Training Considerations
  4. In-Season Youth Hockey Training Program
  5. 5 In-Season Hockey Training Mistakes

It’s funny to me when I hear a parent say “my kid doesn’t even look tired when they’re finished training!” That is the point! As a culture, we need to stop equating “sore and tired” with good training, as neither of these things are requisites for improvement. Don’t get me wrong, there are times throughout the season when our players will definitely be sore and/or fatigued from off-ice work, but this is more the exception than the rule. The goal is to minimize fatigue and soreness, while still creating a positive adaptation, so they can continue to develop on the ice. If the players have off-ice training before practice, as is often the case, training in a way that leaves the kids exhausted before they step on the ice directly impairs their ability to practice at a high level. This is not a mental toughness problem; it’s a problem in resource utilization.

Within this context, the opportunity to make huge leaps in physical development and therefore huge leaps in the players’ abilities to utilize these new physical capacities for skill development is the off-season. This not only highlights the problems associated with forfeiting quality training time for tournament teams and showcases, it also provides a nice parallel for how in-season training should change coming down the home stretch of the season. One of the big mistakes coaches and players make is hitting the panic button with a few weeks left in the season and trying to pile in a lot more work to prepare for the playoffs. I’ve even heard of some players starting to train at the end of the season to make sure they’re ready for the post-season. The reality is this is likely to have the exact opposite effect. If the players have been doing their jobs off the ice, they should have made improvements in or at least maintained their speed, power, strength, and conditioning. The end of the season is a time when fatigue accumulation is at an all time high. Attempting to pile on a lot more on- or off-ice work will push the players deeper into an over-reached or over-trained state, and tap into their already diminished recovery resources.

Peaking for the post-season doesn’t require the cessation of training altogether, but training should be tapered. How and when you do this really depends on the structure of the last few weeks of the season and the playoffs, and what the coaches’ have planned for on-ice work. A few things to consider:

    1. We know from Dr. Issurin’s work (among others) that strength is maintained for ~25-35 days before it drops off significantly (See: In-Season Training: Capacity Maintenance). Note that while other qualities have a shorter lifespan, they are also trained on the ice at each practice so their degradation isn’t a serious concern as long as the underlying qualities that support them are maintained (e.g. strength and power maintained to support speed). This means that you could realistically hit 1 heavier strength training session every 2 weeks for the final 6 weeks of the season and not lose much strength.
    2. If the coach is planning to bury the kids on the ice and/or wants to run high tempo practices and/or if they have a lot of games coming up, minimizing off-ice fatigue and ensuring the kids have the resources to perform on the ice will become that much more important. Coaches often mistake “fatigued before stepping on the ice” with “not in shape”, and off-ice training can be an easy scapegoat if coaches/parents aren’t happy with the on-ice performance of their kids.
    3. It takes a lot less training volume to maintain any physical quality (speed, power, strength, etc.) than it does to develop it in the first place. In other words, youth players can get a lot stronger by performing 3-4 sets of 8 repetitions of a given strength training exercise, but it may only take 1 set of 8 at that same intensity to maintain their strength.
    4. It’s worth considering finding alternatives for exercises and/or programming strategies that may be extremely beneficial but carry a higher risk:reward ratio. When in doubt, err on the side of safety. Remember, it doesn’t matter how good the player is if he/she is watching from the stands. Maintaining player and team health should be a primary goal of the program year-round, but extra caution should be taken at this time of year.
    5. This is a perfect time of year to incorporate “recovery circuits” 1-2 times per week (depending on how often you get access to the kids). These serve the purpose of getting the kids moving to build a light sweat, but also addressing specific mobility restrictions likely to result over the course of a season. Depending on the game schedule, it may be better to get the “harder” training session in earlier in the week and use the recovery-oriented session closer to the games. See the video below for an example of once I’ve used in the past.
    6. This is a perfect opportunity to circle back and discuss basic health concepts that heavily influence recovery like getting adequate and quality sleep, eating vegetables, staying hydrated, etc. In my experience, players are very receptive to this information at the beginning of the year, and toward the end of the season, but tend to be more convenience-driven in the heart of the season. See: Overtraining and Recovery and 3 Powerful Recovery Strategies for Athletes for more information.

A Mobility/Recovery Circuit
For our junior players, we’re in what I would consider a pre-taper phase, that has looked like:

  1. Saturday: Game
  2. Sunday: Game
  3. Monday: Short Lift. 2 sets of major exercises with first being used as a warm-up for the second, which is at a near maximum intensity for the given rep range. On-ice practice is typically cancelled or optional to allow the players to recover from the weekend.
  4. Tuesday: Mobility Work, Individualized Correctives, Light Tempo Conditioning, on-ice practice.
  5. Wednesday: Harder lift. 3 sets of major exercises with first being used as a warm-up for the next 2, which are at near maximum intensity for the given rep range. Typical on-ice practice and/or power skating work.
  6. Thursday: No mandatory off-ice work. Some players come in for manual therapy. Typical on-ice practice.
  7. Friday: No off-ice training. Typical on-ice practice

Hopefully this helps you move forward in designing programs appropriate for the needs of your team to allow them to peak at the right time. If nothing else, know that it’s okay to do less at this time of year in favor of ensuring you’re delivering players with more energy reserves to the ice. There is a lot of information in the articles linked within this post, so be sure to check those out if you haven’t already. As always, if you have any specific questions, post them below!

To your success,

Kevin Neeld
OptimizingMovement.com
UltimateHockeyTraining.com

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As I write this I have a player waiting for me to work on him, so I’m going to keep it short and sweet. Last week I did an interview for the “Hit the Gym with the Strength Coach” segment of the Strength Coach Podcast. The Strength Coach Podcast has been one of my go-to audio resources for several years, as it features many of the most innovative professionals in strength and conditioning and sports rehabilitation.

Strength Coach Podcast

In the interview, we covered a lot of topics from my new DVD-set Optimizing Movement, including:

  1. Foundations of optimal movement
  2. Ways to determine if a joint is neutral or centrated
  3. How being naturally asymmetrical influences assessment findings
  4. How we incorporate breathing work into our programs and how I introduced it to a new team I train
  5. Several “big rocks” from DNS and PRI, and how it influences the way we view and coach our exercises

This is a great episode as Coach Boyle, Mark Verstegen and Charlie Weingroff are also on to share their insight. Check it out at the link below!

Listen to the episode here >> Strength Coach Podcast: Episode 140

To your success,

Kevin Neeld
OptimizingMovement.com
UltimateHockeyTraining.com

P.S. If you haven’t signed up, for FREE, for the 2014 Sports Rehab to Sports Performance Teleseminar, do it now here: Sports Rehab to Sports Performance Teleseminar

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“A must for anyone interested in coaching and performance!”

Optimizing Movement DVD Package

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